Chemical tempering method for tempered sight glass
A chemical toughening method called chemical toughening is used to change the surface components of glass mirrors and increase the surface lamination stress, so as to increase the mechanical strength and thermal stability of sight glass. Because it is enhanced by ion exchange, it is also called ion exchange enhancement. According to the type of exchange ion and the temperature of ion exchange, it can be divided into ion exchange method (low temperature method) and ion exchange method that is higher than the temperature of transition point. The chemical enhancement method principle is: according to the mechanism of ion diffusion to change the composition of the surface of the glass mirror, glass mirror in high temperature molten salt at a certain temperature, alkali metal ions and alkali metal ions in molten salt glass mirrors in exchange for mutual diffusion, "congestion" phenomenon, so that glass mirror surface compressive stress, so as to improve the strength of the sight glass.
According to the network structure theory of glass mirrors, the material of sight glass is made up of disordered three-dimensional network. The network is made up of polyhedron containing oxygen, and its center is occupied by s Al or P ions. These ions form a network with oxygen ions, which are filled with alkali metal ions (nNa, K) and alkaline earth metal ions. The alkali metal ions are more active and are easy to precipitate from the inside of glass mirrors. Chemical toughening is based on the natural diffusion and diffusion of ions, so as to change the composition of the surface layer of sight glass and form the surface compressive stress layer. However, the surface compressive stress layer produced by ion-exchange method is relatively thin, and it is very sensitive to surface micro defects. Small surface scratches are enough to reduce the strength of glass mirrors.
Advantages and disadvantages: chemical enhanced glass sight strength is close to physical reinforcement glass sight glass, thermal stability is good, processing temperature is low, product is not easy to deform, and its product is not limited by thickness and geometry. It is simple to use equipment and easy to realize. But compared with the physical tempered sight glass, sight glass chemical production cycle length (exchange time for many hours), low efficiency and high production costs (molten salt can not be recycled, and the requirement of high purity), debris and ordinary glass mirrors similar, poor security, and its performance is not stable (chemical instability) the physical properties, mechanical strength and impact strength are easy to fade (also called relaxation), the intensity of time decay quickly.
Applicable scope: chemical tempered sight glass used in different thickness of the flat sight glass, sight glass and thin and mirror shaped glass products, can also be used for fireproof sight glass.

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